Premier League clubs have spent £372.8m on new signings during the winter transfer window.

This article was last updated on February 4 at 1.30am.

The outlay represents more than a three-fold increase on last year, when Premier League clubs spent only £116.2m after the Premier League’s Profit and Sustainability Rules (PSR) slashed purchasing power.

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Check out the ups and downs from an exciting transfer deadline day.

Clubs recouped £130.7m on player sales, equating to a net spend of £242.1m – the second-highest winter total on record.

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Spending during the window was largely incremental, with notable spikes on January 23 – when Manchester City splashed £63.2m on Eintracht Frankfurt forward Omar Marmoush – and Deadline Day.

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Who spent the most?

Ten clubs signed players for disclosed fees, with Manchester City shelling out a league-topping £176.1m on Marmoush, Nicolas Gonzalez (£50m from Porto), Abdukodir Khusanov (£33.5m from Lens) and Vitor Reis (£29.4m from Palmeiras).

The Cityzens also snapped up Juma Bah and Christian McFarlane for undisclosed fees from Real Valladolid and New York City, respectively.

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Wolves splurged £42.6m on Emmanuel Agbadou (£16.6m from Reims), Marshall Munetsi (£16m from Reims) and Nasser Djiga (£10m from Red Star Belgrade), while Brighton spent £40m on Stefanos Tzimas (£20m from Nuremberg), Diego Gomez (£11m from Inter Miami) and Eiran Cashin (£9m from Derby).

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Meanwhile, Manchester United (£29.6m), Aston Villa (£26m), Ipswich (£24m), Spurs (£12.5m), Crystal Palace (£12m), Bournemouth (£8.1m) and Leicester (£1.9m) also recruited players for registered fees.

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Villa still registered a £68m profit during the window after selling Jhon Duran to Al Nassr (£64m), Jaden Philogene to Ipswich (£20m) and Diego Carlos to Fenerbahce (£10m) – while spending only a quarter of that income on Donyell Malen from Borussia Dortmund (£20m) and Andres Garcia from Levante (£6m).

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Three other clubs recorded profit, including Chelsea (£12.5m profit), Newcastle (£11m profit) and Leicester (£8.1m profit).

Which players cost the most?

Marmoush’s £63.2m deal was the most expensive signing during the window, while new team-mates Gonzalez, Khusanov and Reis also appear in the top five – with Patrick Dorgu in fourth spot after his £29.6m switch from Lecce to Manchester United.

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In terms of outgoings, Villa duo Duran and Philogene filled the club’s coffers with a cool, combined £84m alone, while another four players departed for eight-figure sums.

Total permanent and loan moves

In total, there were 45 signings for fees, on loans or as free agents.

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Struggling Manchester City signed a league-topping six players on permanent deals – reflecting the club’s need to overhaul the squad and replace aging superstars.

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Bournemouth secured four permanent incomings, while Ipswich brokered three permanent signings and two loan deals to boost their chances of retaining Premier League status after back-to-back promotions from League One.

Meanwhile, Aston Villa signed Manchester United outcast Marcus Rashford and Paris Saint-Germain forward Marco Asensio in blockbuster loan deals – in addition to Chelsea defender Axel Disasi.

Bayern Munich youngster Mathys Tel joined Spurs on loan with a £45m option to buy in the summer and Crystal Palace snapped up Chelsea exile Ben Chilwell for the remainder of the season.

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In terms of departures, Brighton offloaded six players permanently, Aston Villa shipped out 10 players on loan, and Brentford and Manchester United both sanctioned nine temporary departures.

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What about Saudi Arabia and Europe’s other top leagues?

Overall, Premier League clubs recorded a net spend of £242.1m (Sky Sports‘ figures), which exceeded the totals of Europe’s other top seven leagues and Saudi Arabia, according to Transfermarkt data.

Saudi clubs generated a £117.7m net spend, followed by Italy’s Serie A (£35.5m) and the German Bundesliga (£29.6m). Four of the eight leagues recorded profit, led by the Portuguese Primeira Liga on £112.8m in the black.

Breaking those other leagues down by clubs, Saudi teams Al Ahli and Al Nassr both recorded a net spend in the region £50m, followed by RB Leipzig (£46.1m), Como (£40.9m) and Renne (£37.2m).

Porto generated £81.6m profit from their transfer business, followed by Napoli (£57.3m), Eintracht Frankfurt (£41.1m) and Lens (£38.8m).